docs/ARCHITECTURE.md

@@ -276,6 +276,9 @@ automatic** (D-021).
   `grounded`, `failed` (with its reason) or `skipped`. A dinner whose write
   fails is `failed` with `grounding_error` and left as it was; the others
   still run, then the job fails with `internal_error`, keeping that result.
+  Every dinner response carries `photo_backfill_eligible`, whether the
+  backfill grounds that dinner, computed by the same condition it lists
+  dinners by, so a client offers a search only where one runs.
   `GET /api/v1/dinners/{id}/recipe-candidates`
   searches for the dinner's name and returns `{candidates: [{candidate_id,
   title, site_name, photo_url, minutes}]}`, at most 3, ranked as `Ground`

internal/dinners/backfill.go

@@ -25,6 +25,17 @@ const (
 	BackfillSkipped = "skipped"
 )
 
+// PhotoBackfillEligible reports whether a photo backfill grounds r: the
+// condition ListPhotoBackfillDinners lists dinners by, and GroundFailedDinner
+// and RefailDinnerGrounding write under, for one dinner. The dinner is
+// unarchived, failed, with no photo and no pasted recipe_url.
+func PhotoBackfillEligible(r db.Dinner) bool {
+	return r.Status != StatusArchived &&
+		r.GroundingStatus == GroundingFailed &&
+		!r.PhotoID.Valid &&
+		!r.RecipeUrl.Valid
+}
+
 // BackfillJob is the KindBackfillPhotos payload. DinnerID narrows the
 // backfill to that dinner; empty backfills every dinner without a photo.
 type BackfillJob struct {

internal/dinners/backfill_test.go

@@ -192,6 +192,53 @@ func TestBackfillSkipsDinnersNotMissingAPhoto(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestPhotoBackfillEligibleIsWhatTheBackfillLists holds the API's
+// photo_backfill_eligible to ListPhotoBackfillDinners for a dinner the
+// backfill grounds and for each kind it never does.
+func TestPhotoBackfillEligibleIsWhatTheBackfillLists(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	e := newEnv(t)
+	e.model.QueueGenerate(recipestest.NormalizedReply("stovetop", 40))
+	grounded, err := e.svc.CreateRegular(t.Context(), dinners.NewRegular{Name: ptr("Chicken curry")}, member)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	e.waitJob(t, *grounded.GroundingJobID)
+	linked, err := e.svc.CreateRegular(t.Context(), dinners.NewRegular{Name: ptr("Mystery pie"), RecipeURL: ptr("https://d.example/pie")}, member)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	e.waitJob(t, *linked.GroundingJobID)
+	failed := e.failedDinner(t, "Abalone surprise")
+	archived, err := e.svc.Archive(t.Context(), e.failedDinner(t, "Old stew"), member)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	shown := map[string]dinners.Dinner{archived.ID: archived}
+	regulars, err := e.svc.List(t.Context(), dinners.StatusRegular)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, d := range regulars {
+		shown[d.ID] = d
+	}
+	q := db.New(e.st.Reader)
+	for id, want := range map[string]bool{grounded.ID: false, linked.ID: false, failed: true, archived.ID: false} {
+		listed, err := q.ListPhotoBackfillDinners(t.Context(), sql.NullString{String: id, Valid: true})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		d, ok := shown[id]
+		if !ok {
+			t.Fatalf("dinner %s not shown", id)
+		}
+		if got := len(listed) == 1; got != want || d.PhotoBackfillEligible != want {
+			t.Errorf("%s: listed %t, photo_backfill_eligible %t, want both %t", d.Name, got, d.PhotoBackfillEligible, want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 func TestBackfillOfOneDinnerGroundsOnlyIt(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	e := newUnstartedEnv(t)

internal/dinners/dinners.go

@@ -79,6 +79,11 @@ type Dinner struct {
 	UpdatedBy      *string `json:"updated_by"`
 	CreatedAt      string  `json:"created_at"`
 	UpdatedAt      string  `json:"updated_at"`
+
+	// PhotoBackfillEligible is whether a photo backfill grounds the dinner
+	// (PhotoBackfillEligible): false for one with a pasted recipe link,
+	// which a search never replaces.
+	PhotoBackfillEligible bool `json:"photo_backfill_eligible"`
 }
 
 // NewRegular is a Regular to add: its Name, which the household always
@@ -712,6 +717,8 @@ func fromRow(r db.Dinner) Dinner {
 		UpdatedBy:       nullString(r.UpdatedBy),
 		CreatedAt:       r.CreatedAt,
 		UpdatedAt:       r.UpdatedAt,
+
+		PhotoBackfillEligible: PhotoBackfillEligible(r),
 	}
 	if r.MinutesTotal.Valid {
 		d.MinutesTotal = &r.MinutesTotal.Int64

web/src/dinners/DinnerDetailActions.test.tsx

@@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ function listed(is_favorite: boolean) {
     is_favorite,
     photo_url: null,
     grounding_status: 'grounded',
+    grounding_error: null,
+    photo_backfill_eligible: false,
   }
 }
 

web/src/dinners/api.ts

@@ -20,8 +20,12 @@ export type Difficulty = (typeof DIFFICULTIES)[number]
 export type GroundingStatus = (typeof GROUNDING_STATUSES)[number]
 
 // Regular is the part of a dinner the Regulars screens read. photo_id is
-// the stored photo's id, from photo_url. pending is true while an
-// optimistic add waits for the server; its id is not the server's.
+// the stored photo's id, from photo_url. grounding_error is why its
+// grounding failed, a reason code, set only while grounding_status is
+// failed. photo_backfill_eligible is whether a photo backfill (Search
+// again) searches for it: never for a dinner with a pasted recipe link.
+// pending is true while an optimistic add waits for the server;
+// its id is not the server's.
 export type Regular = {
   id: string
   name: string
@@ -31,6 +35,8 @@ export type Regular = {
   is_favorite: boolean
   photo_id: string | undefined
   grounding_status: GroundingStatus
+  grounding_error: string | null
+  photo_backfill_eligible: boolean
   pending?: true
 }
 
@@ -113,6 +119,9 @@ export function parseDinner(where: string, body: unknown): Regular {
     throw new Error(`${where}: response is not a dinner`)
   }
   if (typeof body.is_favorite !== 'boolean') throw new Error(`${where}: is_favorite is not a boolean`)
+  if (typeof body.photo_backfill_eligible !== 'boolean') {
+    throw new Error(`${where}: photo_backfill_eligible is not a boolean`)
+  }
   return {
     id: body.id,
     name: body.name,
@@ -122,6 +131,11 @@ export function parseDinner(where: string, body: unknown): Regular {
     is_favorite: body.is_favorite,
     photo_id: photoId(where, body.photo_url),
     grounding_status: oneOf(where, 'grounding_status', GROUNDING_STATUSES, body.grounding_status),
+    grounding_error: nullable(body.grounding_error, (v) => {
+      if (typeof v !== 'string') throw new Error(`${where}: grounding_error is not a string`)
+      return v
+    }),
+    photo_backfill_eligible: body.photo_backfill_eligible,
   }
 }
 
@@ -225,6 +239,8 @@ export function useAddRegular() {
         is_favorite: false,
         photo_id: undefined,
         grounding_status: 'pending',
+        grounding_error: null,
+        photo_backfill_eligible: false,
         pending: true,
       }
       await changeOptimistically(queryClient, (list) => [...list, optimistic])

web/src/plan/PlanPage.test.tsx

@@ -114,6 +114,8 @@ function dinner(id: string, name: string, difficulty: string | null, minutes: nu
     is_favorite: false,
     photo_url: null,
     grounding_status: 'grounded',
+    grounding_error: null,
+    photo_backfill_eligible: false,
   }
 }
 

web/src/settings/RegularsSettingsPage.module.css

@@ -300,3 +300,27 @@
 .lock {
   display: contents;
 }
+
+/* Find missing photos: its hint, button and progress, padded like a sheet. */
+.card.backfill {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 12px;
+  padding: 16px;
+}
+
+/* Why a Regular's recipe was not found. */
+.reason {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 12px 14px;
+  border-radius: 18px;
+  background: var(--color-neutral-100);
+  color: var(--color-neutral-900);
+  font-family: var(--font-body);
+  font-size: 14px;
+  line-height: 1.4;
+}
+
+.reasonLabel {
+  font-weight: 700;
+}

web/src/settings/RegularsSettingsPage.test.tsx

@@ -85,7 +85,11 @@ const TACOS = dinnerBody('d1', 'Beef tacos', {
   photo_url: '/media/photos/p1-400.jpg',
 })
 const CHILI = dinnerBody('d2', 'Chili', { method: 'crockpot', minutes_total: 480, grounding_status: 'pending' })
-const PIZZA = dinnerBody('d3', 'Pizza night', { grounding_status: 'failed', grounding_error: 'no_recipe_found' })
+const PIZZA = dinnerBody('d3', 'Pizza night', {
+  grounding_status: 'failed',
+  grounding_error: 'no_recipe_found',
+  photo_backfill_eligible: true,
+})
 const ROAST = dinnerBody('d4', 'Pot roast', { method: 'oven', grounding_status: 'manual' })
 
 function rows() {
@@ -496,6 +500,204 @@ describe('RegularsSettingsPage', () => {
     })
   })
 
+  describe('Photo backfill', () => {
+    const BACKFILL = 'POST /api/v1/settings/photo-backfill'
+    const JOB = 'GET /api/v1/jobs/j9'
+
+    // backfillJob is a GET /api/v1/jobs/j9 answer for the photo backfill.
+    function backfillJob(status: string, result: unknown = null, error: string | null = null) {
+      return jsonResponse(200, { id: 'j9', kind: 'backfill_dinner_photos', status, result, error })
+    }
+
+    // polls answers each poll of the job with the next answer, then the last
+    // one again; an answer may change the server first.
+    function polls(...answers: (() => Response)[]) {
+      let next = 0
+      return () => answers[Math.min(next++, answers.length - 1)]!()
+    }
+
+    function fixSheet() {
+      return within(screen.getByRole('dialog', { name: 'Fix recipe' }))
+    }
+
+    const NO_CANDIDATES = { 'GET /api/v1/dinners/d3/recipe-candidates': () => jsonResponse(200, { candidates: [] }) }
+
+    it('shows why the recipe was not found in the fix-recipe sheet', async () => {
+      stubServer([PIZZA], NO_CANDIDATES)
+      await renderPage()
+
+      openRow('Pizza night')
+      expect(fixSheet().getByText('No recipe page the search found had a recipe we could use.')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(fixSheet().getByRole('button', { name: 'Search again' })).toBeEnabled()
+    })
+
+    it('offers no search again for a pasted link that had no usable recipe', async () => {
+      const linked = { ...PIZZA, grounding_error: 'recipe_unusable', photo_backfill_eligible: false }
+      stubServer([linked], NO_CANDIDATES)
+      await renderPage()
+
+      openRow('Pizza night')
+      expect(fixSheet().getByText('The pasted recipe link has no recipe we could use.')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(fixSheet().queryByRole('button', { name: 'Search again' })).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('offers no search again for a dinner with a pasted link whatever its reason', async () => {
+      const linked = { ...PIZZA, grounding_error: 'ai_failed', photo_backfill_eligible: false }
+      stubServer([linked], NO_CANDIDATES)
+      await renderPage()
+
+      openRow('Pizza night')
+      expect(fixSheet().getByText("The AI assistant couldn't read the recipe.")).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(fixSheet().queryByRole('button', { name: 'Search again' })).not.toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('searches again from the fix-recipe sheet and shows the new reason when it still fails', async () => {
+      const server = stubServer([PIZZA], {
+        ...NO_CANDIDATES,
+        [BACKFILL]: () => jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+        [JOB]: polls(
+          () => backfillJob('running'),
+          () => {
+            server.regulars = [{ ...PIZZA, grounding_error: 'search_failed' }]
+            return backfillJob('succeeded', { dinners: [{ dinner_id: 'd3', outcome: 'failed', reason: 'search_failed' }] })
+          },
+        ),
+      })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      openRow('Pizza night')
+      fireEvent.click(fixSheet().getByRole('button', { name: 'Search again' }))
+      expect(await fixSheet().findByRole('button', { name: 'Searching again…' })).toBeDisabled()
+      expect(fixSheet().getByText('Searching again… this can take a few minutes.')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(sent(server.fetchMock)).toEqual([{ request: BACKFILL, body: undefined }])
+
+      expect(await fixSheet().findByText('Searched again: still no recipe found.', {}, { timeout: 3000 })).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(await fixSheet().findByText("The recipe search couldn't be reached.")).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(fixSheet().getByRole('button', { name: 'Search again' })).toBeEnabled()
+    })
+
+    it('closes the fix-recipe sheet once searching again finds the recipe and its photo', async () => {
+      const server = stubServer([PIZZA], {
+        ...NO_CANDIDATES,
+        [BACKFILL]: () => jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+        [JOB]: () => {
+          server.regulars = [{ ...PIZZA, grounding_status: 'grounded', grounding_error: null, photo_url: '/media/photos/p8-400.jpg' }]
+          return backfillJob('succeeded', { dinners: [{ dinner_id: 'd3', outcome: 'grounded', reason: null }] })
+        },
+      })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      openRow('Pizza night')
+      fireEvent.click(fixSheet().getByRole('button', { name: 'Search again' }))
+      await waitFor(() => expect(screen.queryByRole('dialog')).not.toBeInTheDocument())
+      expect(within(row('Pizza night')).getByText('Recipe found')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(within(row('Pizza night')).getByRole('img', { name: 'Pizza night' })).toHaveAttribute('src', '/media/photos/p8-400.jpg')
+    })
+
+    it('says when a dinner was not included in the search', async () => {
+      stubServer([PIZZA], {
+        ...NO_CANDIDATES,
+        [BACKFILL]: () => jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+        [JOB]: () => backfillJob('succeeded', { dinners: [] }),
+      })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      openRow('Pizza night')
+      fireEvent.click(fixSheet().getByRole('button', { name: 'Search again' }))
+      expect(await fixSheet().findByText('This dinner was not included in that search.')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('finds missing photos: the placeholder shows until the backfill finds a photo', async () => {
+      const found = { ...PIZZA, grounding_status: 'grounded', grounding_error: null, photo_url: '/media/photos/p8-400.jpg' }
+      const server = stubServer([TACOS, PIZZA], {
+        [BACKFILL]: () => jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+        [JOB]: polls(
+          () => backfillJob('queued'),
+          () => {
+            server.regulars = [TACOS, found]
+            return backfillJob('succeeded', { dinners: [{ dinner_id: 'd3', outcome: 'grounded', reason: null }] })
+          },
+        ),
+      })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      // The photoless dinner shows the striped placeholder, not an image.
+      const placeholder = within(row('Pizza night')).getByRole('img', { name: 'Pizza night' })
+      expect(placeholder).not.toHaveAttribute('src')
+      expect(placeholder).toHaveTextContent('dish photo')
+
+      const trigger = screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' })
+      expectMinHitArea(trigger)
+      fireEvent.click(trigger)
+      expect(await screen.findByRole('button', { name: 'Finding photos…' })).toBeDisabled()
+      expect(await screen.findByText('Finding missing photos… this can take a few minutes.')).toBeInTheDocument()
+      expect(within(row('Pizza night')).getByRole('img', { name: 'Pizza night' })).not.toHaveAttribute('src')
+      expect(sent(server.fetchMock)).toEqual([{ request: BACKFILL, body: undefined }])
+
+      expect(await screen.findByText('Photo search done: 1 photo found.', {}, { timeout: 3000 })).toBeInTheDocument()
+      await waitFor(() =>
+        expect(within(row('Pizza night')).getByRole('img', { name: 'Pizza night' })).toHaveAttribute('src', '/media/photos/p8-400.jpg'),
+      )
+      expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' })).toBeEnabled()
+      expect(reads(server.fetchMock)).toBe(2)
+    })
+
+    it('sums up what the backfill did', async () => {
+      stubServer([PIZZA], {
+        [BACKFILL]: () => jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+        [JOB]: () =>
+          backfillJob('succeeded', {
+            dinners: [
+              { dinner_id: 'd3', outcome: 'grounded', reason: null },
+              { dinner_id: 'd5', outcome: 'grounded', reason: null },
+              { dinner_id: 'd6', outcome: 'failed', reason: 'no_recipe_found' },
+              { dinner_id: 'd7', outcome: 'skipped', reason: null },
+            ],
+          }),
+      })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' }))
+      expect(
+        await screen.findByText(
+          'Photo search done: 2 photos found · 1 dinner still needs a recipe · 1 dinner changed meanwhile, left as it was.',
+        ),
+      ).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('says when no dinner was missing a photo', async () => {
+      stubServer([TACOS], {
+        [BACKFILL]: () => jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+        [JOB]: () => backfillJob('succeeded', { dinners: [] }),
+      })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' }))
+      expect(await screen.findByText('No dinners were missing a photo.')).toBeInTheDocument()
+    })
+
+    it('says why the backfill stopped', async () => {
+      stubServer([PIZZA], {
+        [BACKFILL]: () => jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+        [JOB]: () => backfillJob('failed', { dinners: [] }, 'internal_error'),
+      })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' }))
+      expect(await screen.findByRole('alert')).toHaveTextContent('Photo search stopped: Something went wrong on the server.')
+      expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' })).toBeEnabled()
+    })
+
+    it('says why the backfill could not start', async () => {
+      stubServer([PIZZA], { [BACKFILL]: () => errorResponse(403, 'csrf_failed') })
+      await renderPage()
+
+      fireEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' }))
+      expect(await screen.findByRole('alert')).toHaveTextContent('Photo search not started: csrf_failed message')
+      expect(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'Find missing photos' })).toBeEnabled()
+    })
+  })
+
   it('refreshes grounding status while any Regular is finding its recipe, then stops', async () => {
     // Only intervals are faked: TanStack Query polls with setInterval, and
     // Testing Library's waits keep their real timers.

web/src/settings/RegularsSettingsPage.tsx

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import { Sheet } from '../ui/Sheet.tsx'
 import { Skeleton } from '../ui/Skeleton.tsx'
 import { Tag } from '../ui/Tag.tsx'
 import { TextInput } from '../ui/TextInput.tsx'
+import { usePhotoBackfill, type BackfillResult, type PhotoBackfill } from './photoBackfill.ts'
 import styles from './RegularsSettingsPage.module.css'
 
 // The most minutes a dinner may take, as the dinners API allows: a day.
@@ -57,7 +58,8 @@ const LINK = /^https?:\/\//i
 // method and minutes, favorite heart and whether its recipe was found. The
 // field at the top adds one by name, or by pasted recipe link with a name
 // the household gives it; tapping one
-// edits or removes it, or fixes its recipe when none was found.
+// edits or removes it, or fixes its recipe when none was found. Find
+// missing photos searches again for every dinner left without one.
 export function RegularsSettingsPage() {
   const navigate = useNavigate()
   return (
@@ -86,6 +88,7 @@ function RegularsManager() {
   const remove = useRemoveRegular()
   const favorite = useToggleFavorite()
   const { refusals, track } = useRefusals()
+  const backfill = usePhotoBackfill()
   const [draft, setDraft] = useState('')
   const [linkName, setLinkName] = useState('')
   const [open, setOpen] = useState<Open>(null)
@@ -94,8 +97,10 @@ function RegularsManager() {
   const isLink = LINK.test(draft.trim())
   const ready = draft.trim() !== '' && (!isLink || linkName.trim() !== '')
   const list = regulars.data ?? []
-  // A Regular removed meanwhile closes its sheet.
+  // A Regular removed meanwhile closes its sheet, and one whose recipe was
+  // found meanwhile closes its fix-recipe sheet.
   const opened = open && list.find((regular) => regular.id === open.id && !regular.pending)
+  const fixing = opened && open.sheet === 'fix' && opened.grounding_status === 'failed' ? opened : undefined
 
   function onSubmit(event: FormEvent<HTMLFormElement>) {
     event.preventDefault()
@@ -188,6 +193,7 @@ function RegularsManager() {
           )}
         </section>
       )}
+      {regulars.isSuccess && <FindMissingPhotos backfill={backfill} />}
 
       {opened && open.sheet === 'edit' && (
         <EditRegularSheet
@@ -197,12 +203,13 @@ function RegularsManager() {
           onRemove={() => onRemove(opened)}
         />
       )}
-      {opened && open.sheet === 'fix' && (
+      {fixing && (
         <FixRecipeSheet
-          key={opened.id}
-          regular={opened}
+          key={fixing.id}
+          regular={fixing}
+          backfill={backfill}
           onClose={() => setOpen(null)}
-          onEdit={() => setOpen({ sheet: 'edit', id: opened.id })}
+          onEdit={() => setOpen({ sheet: 'edit', id: fixing.id })}
         />
       )}
     </>
@@ -231,6 +238,88 @@ function GroundingBadge({ status }: { status: GroundingStatus }) {
   return <Tag className={`${styles.badge} ${badge.className}`}>{badge.text}</Tag>
 }
 
+// groundingReasons says why a dinner's recipe was not found, by its
+// grounding_error reason code.
+const groundingReasons: Record<string, string> = {
+  no_recipe_found: 'No recipe page the search found had a recipe we could use.',
+  recipe_unusable: 'The pasted recipe link has no recipe we could use.',
+  search_not_configured: 'Recipe search is not set up. An admin can set it up in Settings.',
+  search_failed: "The recipe search couldn't be reached.",
+  ai_failed: "The AI assistant couldn't read the recipe.",
+  interrupted: 'The server stopped while finding the recipe.',
+  grounding_error: 'Something went wrong on the server.',
+}
+
+// groundingReason says why a dinner's recipe was not found; an unknown
+// reason code is shown as it is.
+export function groundingReason(code: string): string {
+  return groundingReasons[code] ?? code
+}
+
+// backfillJobFailures says why a photo backfill job failed, by its failure
+// code; an unknown code is shown as it is.
+const backfillJobFailures: Record<string, string> = {
+  internal_error: 'Something went wrong on the server.',
+}
+
+// backfillProblem says what went wrong with a photo backfill, or null.
+function backfillProblem(backfill: PhotoBackfill): string | null {
+  if (backfill.startError) return `Photo search not started: ${backfill.startError.message}`
+  if (backfill.status === 'failed' && backfill.error) {
+    return `Photo search stopped: ${backfillJobFailures[backfill.error.message] ?? backfill.error.message}`
+  }
+  if (backfill.error) return `Couldn't check on the photo search: ${backfill.error.message}`
+  return null
+}
+
+function count(n: number, one: string, many: string): string {
+  return `${n} ${n === 1 ? one : many}`
+}
+
+// backfillSummary says what a finished photo backfill did.
+function backfillSummary(result: BackfillResult): string {
+  const tally = (outcome: string) => result.dinners.filter((dinner) => dinner.outcome === outcome).length
+  if (result.dinners.length === 0) return 'No dinners were missing a photo.'
+  const parts = [count(tally('grounded'), 'photo found', 'photos found')]
+  const failed = tally('failed')
+  if (failed > 0) parts.push(`${count(failed, 'dinner still needs', 'dinners still need')} a recipe`)
+  const skipped = tally('skipped')
+  if (skipped > 0) parts.push(`${count(skipped, 'dinner', 'dinners')} changed meanwhile, left as it was`)
+  return `Photo search done: ${parts.join(' · ')}.`
+}
+
+// FindMissingPhotos searches again, by name, for a recipe and photo for
+// every dinner left without a photo because its recipe was not found.
+function FindMissingPhotos({ backfill }: { backfill: PhotoBackfill }) {
+  const headingId = useId()
+  const problem = backfillProblem(backfill)
+  return (
+    <section aria-labelledby={headingId} className={styles.section}>
+      <h2 id={headingId} className={styles.groupLabel}>
+        Missing photos
+      </h2>
+      <Card className={`${styles.card} ${styles.backfill}`}>
+        <p className={styles.hint}>
+          Search again for a recipe and photo for every dinner whose recipe wasn&apos;t found. Dinners with a pasted
+          recipe link keep it.
+        </p>
+        <Button disabled={backfill.active} onClick={backfill.start}>
+          {backfill.active ? 'Finding photos…' : 'Find missing photos'}
+        </Button>
+        <p role="status" className={styles.status}>
+          {backfill.active && 'Finding missing photos… this can take a few minutes.'}
+          {backfill.status === 'succeeded' && backfill.result && backfillSummary(backfill.result)}
+        </p>
+        {problem && (
+          <p role="alert" className={styles.problem}>
+            {problem}
+          </p>
+        )}
+      </Card>
+    </section>
+  )
+}
+
 type RegularRowProps = {
   regular: Regular
   onOpen: () => void
@@ -447,6 +536,7 @@ const fixPaths = [
 
 type FixRecipeSheetProps = {
   regular: Regular
+  backfill: PhotoBackfill
   onClose: () => void
   onEdit: () => void
 }
@@ -459,10 +549,20 @@ function lines(text: string): string[] {
     .filter((line) => line !== '')
 }
 
-// FixRecipeSheet grounds a Regular whose recipe was not found: in one of
-// up to three recipe pages found for its name, in a pasted recipe link, or
-// in ingredients and steps typed in.
-function FixRecipeSheet({ regular, onClose, onEdit }: FixRecipeSheetProps) {
+// retryOutcomes says what searching again did for this dinner.
+const retryOutcomes = {
+  grounded: 'Searched again: a recipe and photo were found.',
+  failed: 'Searched again: still no recipe found.',
+  skipped: 'It changed while it was searched again, so it was left as it is.',
+} as const
+
+// FixRecipeSheet shows why a Regular's recipe was not found and grounds it:
+// by searching its name again (a photo backfill), in one of up to three
+// recipe pages found for its name, in a pasted recipe link, or in
+// ingredients and steps typed in. Searching again is offered only for a
+// dinner the backfill searches (photo_backfill_eligible): it never replaces
+// a pasted link.
+function FixRecipeSheet({ regular, backfill, onClose, onEdit }: FixRecipeSheetProps) {
   const [path, setPath] = useState<FixPath>('pick')
   const ground = useGroundRegular()
 
@@ -475,6 +575,15 @@ function FixRecipeSheet({ regular, onClose, onEdit }: FixRecipeSheetProps) {
       <p className={styles.hint}>
         We couldn&apos;t find a recipe for {regular.name}. Pick a match below, paste a recipe link or type it in.
       </p>
+      {regular.grounding_error !== null && (
+        <p className={styles.reason}>
+          <span className={styles.reasonLabel}>Why: </span>
+          {groundingReason(regular.grounding_error)}
+        </p>
+      )}
+      {regular.photo_backfill_eligible && (
+        <RetrySearch id={regular.id} backfill={backfill} disabled={ground.isPending} />
+      )}
       <Segmented
         label="How to fix the recipe"
         options={fixPaths}
@@ -504,6 +613,34 @@ function FixRecipeSheet({ regular, onClose, onEdit }: FixRecipeSheetProps) {
   )
 }
 
+// RetrySearch searches the dinner's name again with a photo backfill, and
+// says what it did for the dinner once it ends. The backfill searches
+// every dinner without a photo, this one with them.
+function RetrySearch({ id, backfill, disabled }: { id: string; backfill: PhotoBackfill; disabled: boolean }) {
+  const problem = backfillProblem(backfill)
+  const tried = backfill.result?.dinners.find((dinner) => dinner.dinner_id === id)
+  let status: string | null = null
+  if (backfill.active) status = 'Searching again… this can take a few minutes.'
+  else if (backfill.status === 'succeeded') {
+    status = tried ? retryOutcomes[tried.outcome] : 'This dinner was not included in that search.'
+  }
+  return (
+    <>
+      <Button variant="outline" disabled={disabled || backfill.active} onClick={backfill.start}>
+        {backfill.active ? 'Searching again…' : 'Search again'}
+      </Button>
+      <p role="status" className={styles.status}>
+        {status}
+      </p>
+      {problem && (
+        <p role="alert" className={styles.problem}>
+          {problem}
+        </p>
+      )}
+    </>
+  )
+}
+
 function PickCandidate({ id, onPick }: { id: string; onPick: (candidateId: string) => void }) {
   const candidates = useRecipeCandidates(id)
   if (candidates.isPending) return <Skeleton className={styles.candidatesLoading} />

web/src/settings/photoBackfill.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import { QueryClientProvider } from '@tanstack/react-query'
+import { act, renderHook, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react'
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react'
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from 'vitest'
+import { ApiProvider, createApiClient, createQueryClient, createVerifiedSession } from '../api/index.ts'
+import { HOME_KEY } from '../home/api.ts'
+import { planKey } from '../plan/api.ts'
+import { createNetworkStatus } from '../pwa/networkStatus.ts'
+import { fakeLocation, jsonResponse, ME, stubFetch } from '../test/fetchStub.ts'
+import { parseBackfillResult, usePhotoBackfill } from './photoBackfill.ts'
+
+afterEach(() => {
+  vi.unstubAllGlobals()
+})
+
+const RESULT = { dinners: [{ dinner_id: 'd3', outcome: 'grounded', reason: null }] }
+
+function backfillJob(status: string, result: unknown) {
+  return jsonResponse(200, { id: 'j9', kind: 'backfill_dinner_photos', status, result, error: null })
+}
+
+describe('usePhotoBackfill', () => {
+  it('reads the plans, home and dinners again once the backfill ends, so a found photo shows everywhere', async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch(
+      jsonResponse(200, ME),
+      jsonResponse(202, { id: 'j9' }),
+      backfillJob('running', null),
+      backfillJob('succeeded', RESULT),
+    )
+    const api = createApiClient(fakeLocation(), createNetworkStatus(window), createVerifiedSession(localStorage))
+    await api.loadMe()
+    const queryClient = createQueryClient()
+    const plan = planKey('2026-10-05')
+    for (const key of [plan, HOME_KEY, ['dinners', 'quest_log']]) queryClient.setQueryData(key, {})
+    const wrapper = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+      <ApiProvider client={api}>
+        <QueryClientProvider client={queryClient}>{children}</QueryClientProvider>
+      </ApiProvider>
+    )
+    const { result } = renderHook(() => usePhotoBackfill(), { wrapper })
+
+    act(() => result.current.start())
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.status).toBe('running'))
+    expect(result.current.active).toBe(true)
+    expect(queryClient.getQueryState(plan)?.isInvalidated).toBe(false)
+
+    await waitFor(() => expect(result.current.status).toBe('succeeded'), { timeout: 3000 })
+    expect(result.current).toMatchObject({ active: false, error: null, result: RESULT })
+    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(4)
+    for (const key of [plan, HOME_KEY, ['dinners', 'quest_log']]) {
+      expect(queryClient.getQueryState(key)?.isInvalidated).toBe(true)
+    }
+  })
+})
+
+describe('parseBackfillResult', () => {
+  it('refuses a result that is not a photo backfill', () => {
+    expect(() => parseBackfillResult('job', { dinners: [{ dinner_id: 'd3', outcome: 'lost', reason: null }] })).toThrow(
+      'job: outcome "lost" is not one of grounded, failed, skipped',
+    )
+    expect(() => parseBackfillResult('job', { stage: 'x' })).toThrow('job: result is not a photo backfill')
+  })
+})

web/src/settings/photoBackfill.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+import { useMutation, useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query'
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react'
+import { useApi, useJob, type JobStatus } from '../api/index.ts'
+import { isRecord } from '../api/errors.ts'
+import { oneOf } from '../dinners/api.ts'
+import { HOME_KEY } from '../home/api.ts'
+
+export const PHOTO_BACKFILL_PATH = '/api/v1/settings/photo-backfill'
+
+// BACKFILL_JOB_KIND is the kind of the job a photo backfill runs as.
+export const BACKFILL_JOB_KIND = 'backfill_dinner_photos'
+
+export const BACKFILL_OUTCOMES = ['grounded', 'failed', 'skipped'] as const
+export type BackfillOutcome = (typeof BACKFILL_OUTCOMES)[number]
+
+// BackfillDinner is what a photo backfill did for one dinner. reason is
+// set only when it failed: the reason code now its grounding_error.
+export type BackfillDinner = { dinner_id: string; outcome: BackfillOutcome; reason: string | null }
+
+// BackfillResult is the photo backfill job's result: each dinner it tried,
+// in the order it tried them.
+export type BackfillResult = { dinners: BackfillDinner[] }
+
+// Every query showing a dinner's photo, read again once a backfill ends:
+// the dinners lists and details, the plans and the home dashboard.
+const PHOTO_KEYS = [['dinners'], ['plans'], HOME_KEY] as const
+
+// parseBackfillResult checks a photo backfill job's result, which useJob
+// passes on unread.
+export function parseBackfillResult(where: string, body: unknown): BackfillResult {
+  if (!isRecord(body) || !Array.isArray(body.dinners)) throw new Error(`${where}: result is not a photo backfill`)
+  return {
+    dinners: body.dinners.map((dinner): BackfillDinner => {
+      if (!isRecord(dinner) || typeof dinner.dinner_id !== 'string' || (dinner.reason !== null && typeof dinner.reason !== 'string')) {
+        throw new Error(`${where}: result has a dinner that is not a backfill outcome`)
+      }
+      return {
+        dinner_id: dinner.dinner_id,
+        outcome: oneOf(where, 'outcome', BACKFILL_OUTCOMES, dinner.outcome),
+        reason: dinner.reason,
+      }
+    }),
+  }
+}
+
+// PhotoBackfill is a photo backfill started from this screen, as it goes.
+export type PhotoBackfill = {
+  // start asks the server for a backfill over every dinner without a
+  // photo. While one is already queued or running the server answers with
+  // that job, so starting never runs two at once.
+  start: () => void
+  // active is true from start until the job ends, except while a poll's
+  // failure leaves its progress unknown: starting again then asks the
+  // server for the job it is running and polls it anew.
+  active: boolean
+  // Why the backfill could not be started.
+  startError: Error | null
+  // The job's status, undefined until it is started and first polled.
+  status: JobStatus | undefined
+  // The job's result, once it has one.
+  result: BackfillResult | null
+  // The job's failure, a poll's failure, or a result that is not a backfill.
+  error: Error | null
+}
+
+// usePhotoBackfill starts a photo backfill (POST
+// /api/v1/settings/photo-backfill, 202 {id}) and follows its job with
+// useJob. When the job ends, every query showing a dinner's photo is read
+// again, so dinners it grounded show their photo everywhere.
+export function usePhotoBackfill(): PhotoBackfill {
+  const { apiFetch } = useApi()
+  const queryClient = useQueryClient()
+  const [jobId, setJobId] = useState<string | null>(null)
+  const job = useJob<unknown>(BACKFILL_JOB_KIND, jobId)
+  const begin = useMutation({
+    mutationFn: async (): Promise<string> => {
+      const body = await apiFetch<unknown>(PHOTO_BACKFILL_PATH, { method: 'POST' })
+      if (!isRecord(body) || typeof body.id !== 'string') throw new Error(`POST ${PHOTO_BACKFILL_PATH}: response has no job id`)
+      return body.id
+    },
+    onSuccess: (id) => {
+      setJobId(id)
+      job.poll()
+    },
+  })
+
+  const ended = job.status === 'succeeded' || job.status === 'failed'
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!ended) return
+    for (const queryKey of PHOTO_KEYS) void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey })
+  }, [ended, jobId, queryClient])
+
+  const parsed = useMemo(() => {
+    if (job.result === null) return { result: null, error: null }
+    try {
+      return { result: parseBackfillResult(`GET /api/v1/jobs/${jobId}`, job.result), error: null }
+    } catch (error) {
+      return { result: null, error: error as Error }
+    }
+  }, [job.result, jobId])
+
+  return {
+    start: () => begin.mutate(),
+    active: begin.isPending || (jobId !== null && !ended && job.error === null),
+    startError: begin.error,
+    status: job.status,
+    result: parsed.result,
+    error: job.error ?? parsed.error,
+  }
+}

web/src/test/dinners.ts

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ export type DinnerBody = {
   photo_url: string | null
   grounding_status: string
   grounding_error: string | null
+  photo_backfill_eligible: boolean
   updated_by: string | null
   created_at: string
   updated_at: string
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ export function dinnerBody(id: string, name: string, overrides: Partial<DinnerBo
     photo_url: null,
     grounding_status: 'grounded',
     grounding_error: null,
+    photo_backfill_eligible: false,
     updated_by: null,
     created_at: '2026-10-01T15:00:00.000Z',
     updated_at: '2026-10-01T15:00:00.000Z',